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KMID : 0903619820230010008
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Journal of the Korean Society for Horticultural Science
1982 Volume.23 No. 1 p.8 ~ p.31
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Genetic Analyses on Heat Tolerance , Bolting and Quantitative Characters in Chinese Cabbage , Brassica campestris ssp . pekinensis
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Abstract
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Heterosis and combining ability were studied for yield-related characters, days to maturity and midrib characters in Chinese cabbage, Brassica campestris ssp. pekinensis employing a set of six-parent diallel crosses in spring and fall culture. Parents, F₁, F₂, BC₁F₁ and their reciprocals of two combinations, Yung Ching 30 days×Cheongbang and Ta Feng Feng Lu× Sixty Days, were used in the study on genetics of heat tolerance, defined as heading ability under lowland summer conditions. Each generation of the latter combination was also employed for a study on the inheritance of days to bolting and flowering. Results obtained are summarized as follows:
1. Significant mean heterosis was recognized in all characters investigated in both seasons except for leaf number and head weight index. Heterosis was highest in plant weight (50.9∼55.5%) and flower stalk length (233%).
2. The mean square of general combining ability (GCA) was significant for all characters in both seasons except those for head weight index and number of outer leaves in fall culture. The mean square of specific combining ability (SCA) was also significant for all characters in both seasons except for head height and leaf width in addition to the forementioned two characters in fall, and midrib width in spring.
3. In fall culture, ratio of GCA mean square to SCA mean square was greater in plant height, head height, the number of inner leaves, and days to maturity than in number of outer leaves, head weight index, leaf width, and midrib characters. The ratio was greater in total number of leaves, midrib width and flower stalk length than in plant weight, leaf width and midrib length in spring culture.
4. The mean performance was greater in spring than in fall in plant height, plant weight, leaf length and midrib length while that was greater in fall than in spring in total number of leaves, leaf width, and thickness and width of midrib. The trend was common in both generations.
5. Variation among the six parents was greater than that among the fifteen hybrids in all characters compared.
6. Correlation coefficients between performances in the two seasons were greater in parents than in F₁ hybrids in all characters compared.
7. Plant weight was highly correlated with plant height and leaf length regardless of the cropping season and generation. Head weight was also highly correlated with plant height and leaf length in both generations. Correlation coefficients of plant weight and head weight with the number and width of leaves varied with generation and season.
8. Heat tolerance appeared to be controlled by a single gene, where heat tolerance is dominant over heat sensitive.
9. Hybrid mean appeared near the earliness in days to bolting and flowering. Narrow sense heritability estimated from a F ₂population was 0.79 and 0.81 for days to bolting and flowering, respectively.
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